Great Wall Institute: The Process of the Great Wall of Los AngelesMain MenuResearch of the DecadesResearch1960s Illustration DevelopmentIllustration DevelopmentPlaylists of the DecadesPlaylistssparcinla.org185fc5b2219f38c7b63f42d87efaf997127ba4fcGreat Wall Institute - Social and Public Art Resource Center (SPARC)
1962 United Farm Workers
1media/Screen Shot 2022-07-21 at 12.19.45 PM_thumb.png2022-07-21T19:20:19+00:00Gina Leonf0ac362b4453e23ee8a94b1a49fbeeafde2a0a4911For more than a century farmworkers had been denied a decent life in the fields and communities of California’s agricultural valleys. Essential to the state’s biggest industry, but only so long as they remained exploited and submissive farmworkers had tried but failed so many times to organize the giant agribusiness farms that most observers considered it a hopeless task. And yet by the early 1960’s things were beginning to change beneath the surface. Within another fifteen years more than 50,000 farmworkers were protected by union contracts. The Bracero program, an informal arrangement between the United States and Mexican governments, became Public Law 78 in 1951. Started during World War II as a program to provide Mexican agricultural workers to growers, it continued after the war. Public Law 78 stated that no bracero-a temporary worker imported from Mexico-could replace a domestic worker. In reality this provision was rarely enforced. In fact the growers had wanted the Bracero program to continue after the war precisely in order to replace domestic workers. The small but energetic National Farm Labor Union, led by dynamic organizer Ernesto Galarza, found its efforts to create a lasting California farmworkers union in the 1940’s and 50’s stymied again and again by the growers’ manipulation of braceros. Over time, however, farmworkers, led by Cesar Chavez, were able to call upon allies in other unions, in churches and in community groups affiliated with the growing civil rights movement, to put enough pressure on politicians to end the Bracero Program by 1964plain2022-07-21T19:20:19+00:001962Gina Leonf0ac362b4453e23ee8a94b1a49fbeeafde2a0a49
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12023-09-01T18:28:11+00:00Gina Leonf0ac362b4453e23ee8a94b1a49fbeeafde2a0a49Farmworkers Movement and the UFWsparcinla.org111960s Focused Researchgallery11012024-03-28T01:38:32+00:00sparcinla.org185fc5b2219f38c7b63f42d87efaf997127ba4fc